An explanation of a threat to internal validity and a threat to external validity in quantitative research

This is a 2 part assignment ans requires 2 separate papers Discussion: Designing Quantitative Research Researchers consider validity and reliability with each new study they design. This is because validity and reliability are not fixed but rather reflect a particular study’s unique variables, research design, instruments, and participants. In the context of research design, two types of validity, which speak to the quality of different features of the research process, are considered: internal validity and external validity. Assuming that the findings of a research study are internally valid—i.e., the researcher has used controls to determine that the outcome is indeed due to manipulation of the independent variable or the treatment—external validity refers to the extent to which the findings can be generalized from the sample to the population or to other settings and groups. Reliability refers to the replicability of the findings. For this Discussion, you will consider threats to internal and external validity in quantitative research and the strategies used to mitigate these threats. You will also consider the ethical implications of designing quantitative research. With these thoughts in mind: ***** Part 1 Discussion **** Assignment Write a 1 page paper that is 1. an explanation of a threat to internal validity and a threat to external validity in quantitative research. 2. explain a strategy to mitigate each of these threats 3. identify a potential ethical issue in quantitative research and explain how it might influence design decisions. 4. explain what it means for a research topic to be amenable to scientific study using a quantitative approach. Be sure to support your Main Issue Post and Response Post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA Style. ***** Part 2 Assignment: Annotation of a Quantitative Research Article Submit: Annotation of a Quantitative Research Article This week, you will submit the annotation of a quantitative research article on a topic of your interest. An annotation consists of three separate paragraphs that cover three respective components: summary, analysis, and application. These three components convey the relevance and value of the source. As such, an annotation demonstrates your critical thinking about, and authority on, the source. An annotated bibliography is a document containing selected sources accompanied by a respective annotation of each source. In preparation for your own future research, an annotated bibliography provides a background for understanding a portion of the existing literature on a particular topic. It is also a useful first step in gathering sources in preparation for writing a subsequent literature review as part of a dissertation. Please review the assignment instructions below and click on the underlined works for information about how to craft each component of an annotation. By Day 7 1. Annotate one quantitative research article (Part2Article.pdf) – Fazeli Farsani, S., van der Aa, M. P., van der Vorst, M. J., Knibbe, C. J., & de Boer, A. (2013). Global trends in the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: a systematic review and evaluation of methodological approaches. Diabetologia, 56(7), 1471-1488. doi:10.1007/s00125-013-2915-z 2. Provide the reference list entry for this article in APA Style followed by a three-paragraph annotation that includes: a. A summary b. An analysis c. An application as illustrated in the example attached (example.pdf) **** 1 Page Paper that meets all elements outlined above o Format your annotation in Times New Roman, 12-point font, double-spaced. A separate References list page is not needed for this assignment. o Submit your annotation. References: Babbie, E. (2017) Basics of social research (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. • Chapter 3, “The Ethics and Politics of Social Research” Fazeli Farsani, S., van der Aa, M. P., van der Vorst, M. J., Knibbe, C. J., & de Boer, A. (2013). Global trends in the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: a systematic review and evaluation of methodological approaches. Diabetologia, 56(7), 1471-1488. doi:10.1007/s00125-013-2915-z And other attached resources