How might the lean principles in the case study be applied to hospital admissions in Saudi Arabia?

Read the case study: Haddad, M. G., Zouein, P. P., Salem, J., & Otayek, R. (2016). Case study of lean in hospital admissions to inspire culture change. Engineering Management Journal, 28(4), 209-223. How might the lean principles in the case study be applied to hospital admissions in Saudi Arabia? How might these procedures impact waste in excessive testing and associated costs? N.B. 3 references sources