Tools and techniques that are often used to achieve organizational goals, including forecasting, contingency planning, scenario planning, and benchmarking

There are several planning tools and techniques that are often used to achieve organizational goals, including forecasting, contingency planning, scenario planning, and benchmarking (p. 80-82). Choose two of these planning tools/techniques, and for each, provide a brief definition and one or more examples from the Canadian Aeronautics Administration case that either show how CAA had used this approach already, or how this approach could have been used to prevent problems discussed in the case. Be sure to explain why the types of planning you discuss are applicable to the situations mentioned in the case. A complete answer includes two planning tools/techniques, two definitions, and at least two examples.